波兰可注册商标的构成要素有哪些？
商标可由文字、图形、装饰、颜色组合、商品外形、曲调或声音信号或上述要素的任何组合构成，它必须在通常的商业情况下有足够的识别性。
波兰商标法规定，不可注册的商标的构成要素主要包括：
不具有识别性的商标：仅仅在商业中描述商品或服务的商标；仅仅表示商品或服务种类的商标；涉及商品性质、质量、号码、数量、特征、价格、意向使用、制造方法、制造日期、制造地点、成分、功能或用途的商标；与相似商标有关，但不足以区别商品来源的商标。
违背法律或社会并存原则的商标；侵犯他人人身权或财产权的商标；含有虚假情况的商标；包含有波兰人民共和国的国名或其缩写，或其象征的商标；包含有波兰国旗或国歌、武装部队的标志、国家质量符号或安全标记的商标；含有波兰行政区、市镇或地区的名称或徽章，波兰命令、裁定、勋章或奖章以及著名标记或军徽的复制品(经正式授权的除外)；含有巴黎公约成员国或任何国际组织成员国的名称、缩写或象征的商标，或在申请人不能证明他被授权在商业中使用的奥林匹克的标记；与在先注册商标近似误导公众的商标；与未注册的驰名商标近似误导公众的商标；自注册商标失效之日起3年内的该期满失效的商标；
构成了被保护的植物种类名称的商标；含有仿造官方认可的印记或品质证明的商标；表示实际上非该商标商品来源的所在地的商标。
在波兰，通过支付每类的附加费，一份申请可包括多类商品。
(一)申请所需文件
1．经申请人签署的委托书；
2．20张商标图样。
3．如果申请人要求优先权，需提供优先权证明文件；
4．对于集体商标，需提供集体商标使用管理规则；
5．对于音响商标，需提供2份商标磁带。
专利局就商标申请的缺陷、法定要求和是否侵犯他人的在先权利进行审查。如果申请存在缺陷，专利局将通知申请人并给申请人3个月的期限予以更正或回复。根据申请人的请求还可以延期3个月。此外，在 有正当理由并支付了适当的费用的情况下，可再延期2次，每次3个月。如果审查中发现申请注册商标不符合法定要求或侵犯了他人的权利，申请人在收到通知后3个月内可予争辩。根据请求，该期限可延期3个月。对于专利局的决定不服，可以向上诉委员会提出上述，期限为2个月；申诉的期限为1个月。
注册商标在“专利局公报”上公告。如果专利局认为某商标侵犯了他人的权利，专利局将通知被侵权人，要求被侵权人在3个月内发表他们的意见。申请人自被告知对方意见后有3个的期限作出答复。如果申请人不答复，专利局将拒绝注册该商标。
Trademarks can be composed of words, graphics, decorations, color combinations, commodity shapes, tunes or sound signals or any combination of the above elements. It must be sufficiently identifiable under normal commercial conditions.
According to the Polish Trademark Law, the constituent elements of unregisterable trademarks mainly include :
Trademarks that are not identifiable : trademarks that describe goods or services only in business ; only the trademark of goods or services ; trademarks involving the nature, quality, number, quantity, characteristics, price, intention to use, manufacturing method, manufacturing date, manufacturing location, composition, function or use of goods ; it is related to similar trademarks, but not enough to distinguish the source of goods.
trademark that violates the principle of legal or social coexistence ; trademark that violates the personal or property rights of others ; trademark containing false circumstances ; a trademark containing the name of the People 's Republic of Poland or its abbreviation or symbol ; trademarks containing Polish flag or national anthem, symbols of the armed forces, national quality symbols or security marks ; a copy of the name or emblem of the Polish administrative district, municipality or territory, of Polish orders, rulings, decorations or medals and of famous marks or military emblems ( except duly authorized ) ; trademark containing the name, abbreviation or symbol of the member states of the Paris Convention or any international organization, or the Olympic mark that the applicant cannot prove that he is authorized to use in business ; the trademark which misleads the public approximately with the prior registered trademark ; similar to unregistered well-known trademarks misleading public trademarks ; the expired trademark within three years from the date of expiration of the registered trademark ;
trademark that constitutes the name of protected plant species ; trademark containing imitation of official recognized marks or quality certificates ; represents the trademark that is not actually the origin of the trademark goods.
In Poland, an application may include multiple categories of goods by paying each category of surcharge.
( 1 ) Documents required for application
1. An application signed by the applicant ;
2.20 trademark drawings.
3. A certificate of priority is required if the applicant requests priority ;
( 4 ) For collective trademarks, it is necessary to provide management rules for the use of collective trademarks ;
5. For audio trademarks, two tapes are needed.
The Patent Office examines the defects of trademark application, legal requirements and infringement of prior rights of others. If the application is defective, the Patent Office will notify the applicant and give the applicant a three-month deadline for correction or reply. According to the request of the applicant can also be extended for 3 months. In addition, in the case of reasonable reasons and payment of appropriate costs, it can be extended twice, three months each time. If it is found that the application for a registered trademark does not meet the statutory requirements or violates the rights of others, the applicant can argue within 3 months after receiving the notification. According to the request, the period can be extended for 3 months. Disagreement with the decision of the Patent Office may be submitted to the Appeals Board for a period of two months ; the appeal period is one month.
The registered trademark is announced in the ' Patent Office Bulletin '. If the Patent Office considers that a trademark infringes the rights of others, the Patent Office shall notify the infringer and require the infringer to give their opinion within three months. The applicant has three deadlines to respond after being informed of the opinions. If the applicant does not reply, the Patent Office will refuse to register the trademark.
